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But how do you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their job
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a Really creative way I love to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the further guesses you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right guess, your mining system determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can validate it. Its somewhat much like some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer which validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you chose to include in the block.
4. The system generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them to you as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the cube youve only entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining component is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for every block, a different miner will suppose the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Of course, that the miners with more computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the more mining power the network has, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining math issue. So that the difficulty of this mining process is really self-adjusting to the accumulated mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to solve the problem; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners on the market. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was low. As Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more powerful Gold Bullion Coins mining solutions.